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Roman | Greek |
|---|---|---|
| Creation Myth | ... | It began with chaos. Out of the void came Gaia (the earth), Eros (love) the Abyss and the Erebus. Gaia gave birth to Uranus (the sky) From the union of Gaia and Uranus came the Titans, Cyclopses and Hecatoncheires. Who in turn created all else. |
| Name for the collective of the gods | Pantheon | Pantheon |
| King of the gods | Jupiter - He is a god of light and sky, and protector of the state and its laws. He is a son of Saturn and brother of Neptune and Juno (who is also his wife) His English name is Jove. | Zeus- the youngest son of Cronus and Rhea, he was the supreme ruler of Mount Olympus and of the Pantheon of gods who resided there. His main attribute is the thunderbolt. Husband of Hera. Father to many of the pantheon. |
| personification of the north wind | Aquilo | Boreas - son of Eos and Astraeus and the brother of Zephyrus, Eurus and Notus Father of two sons and two daughters |
| Personification of dawn | Aurora - Sister of the sun and the moon mother of the four winds (north, south, east, west) | Eos - daughter of Hyperion and Theia and sister of Helios (sun) and Selene (moon) Mother of the four winds - Boreas, Eurus, Zephyrus and Notus |
| Personification of the south wind | Auster - brought fogs and rain or sultry heat. It is the modern sirocco | Notus - sone of Eos and Astraeus and the brother of Zephyrus, Eurus and Boreas Bringer of warm and moist winds |
| God of wine and intoxication | Bacchus His festival was celebrated on March 16th and 17th and was banned in Rome around 186 BC | Dionysus - Son of Zeus and either (the myth is varied in this point) Semele , a mortal woman, or Persephone A song sung in honour of Dionysus is called a dithyramb |
| Goddess of war | Bellona - variously stated to be Mars's wife, sister and daughter. | Enyo - often depicted as daughter or Ares but also as his mother or sister Enyo ('horror') is one of the Graeae, or the three 'old women' |
| Goddess of agriculture and grain | Ceres - Daughter of Saturn and mther of Proserpina Her festival was celebrated on April 19th | Demeter - Daughter of Cronos and Rhea and mother of Persephone |
| God of love | Cupid - son of Venus, often portrayed as a young boy with wings or with his beloved Psyche His name is derived from the latin cupido, meaning 'desire' | Eros - born of either Erebus and Nyx (night) or Aphrodite and Ares or even Iris and Zephyrus. One of the oldest gods. It was written that he hatched our race. |
| Goddess of childbirth | Decima - together with Nona and Morta she forms the Parcae (the Roman goddesses of Fate) | Lachesis The Disposer, one of the three Moirae. She measures the length of the thread of human life spun by Clotho and determines its destiny |
| Goddess of nature, fertility and childbirth | Diana - Also the moon-goddess. Daughter of Jupiter and Latona. | Artemis Daughter of Leto and Zeus and the twin of Apollo. One of the Olympians and a virgin goddess. |
| God of the dead, ruler of the underworld | Pluto Son of Saturn, husband of Proserpina. Brother to Jupiter and Neptune. People were afraid to say his real name because they were afraid that it would attract his attention. | Hades- Son of Cronus and Rhea. Brother of Zeus and Poseidon. Husband of Persephone. Has a helmet given to him by the Cyclopes that can make him invisible. Is helped by Thanatos, Hypnos, Charon and the hound Cereberus |
| Goddess of strife and discord | Discordia Belonged to the retune of Mars and Bellona. | Eris Aries constant companion. Sinister and mean her greatest joy is to make trouble. Has a golden apple which she uses to sow discord. She used this as the wedding of Peleus and Thetis causing the Trojan war. |
| Goddess of Fame | Fama Mentioned as a daughter of Tellus. Not truly a goddess, she was more a literary conceit. Virgil mentions Fama ("rumor") as a horrible creature with multiple tongues and tattling mouths. | Pheme Daughter of Gaia. heme was always prying. She announced whatever she heard, first to only a few, then louder until everyone knew. |
| God of wild nature and fertility | Faunus Son of Picus. He is accompanied by the fauns, analogous to the Greek satyrs. His feminine counterpart is Fauna | Pan Son of Hermes. Belonged to the retune of Dionysus. Pan was also a god of fertility, unbridled male sexuality and carnal desire. He chased nymphs through the forests and mountains in the shape of a goat. Pan was not very liked by the other Gods |
| God of the eastern wind | Favonius Herald of spring. His name means favorable | Zephyrus Son of Eos and Astraeus. Brother of Boreas, Eurus and Notus. He abducted the goddess Chloris and gave her dominion over flowers. |
| Goddess of spring | Flora - The festival of the Floralia, celebrated on April 28 -May 1, existed until the 4th century CE | Chloris Spouse of Zephyrus. Chloris is also the name of a daughter of Niobe. She was the only child that was saved when Apollo and Artemis took their vengeance on Niobes children. |
| Personification of good fortune | Fortuna - Some of Fortuna's names include: Primigenia, Virilis, Respiciens, Muliebris, and Annonaria. She is portrayed standing, wearing a rich dress. The cornucopia, rudder, ball, and blindfold are her attributes. | Tyche - Regarded as a daughter of Zeus or of Oceanus and Tethys. Assosiated with Nemesis and with Agathos Daimon ("good spirit"). Tyche was portrayed with a cornucopia, a rudder of destiny, and a wheel of fortune. |
| Goddess of Vengance | Furies usually characterized as three sisters (Alecto, Tisiphone, and Magaera) are the children of Gaia and Uranus. They resulted from a drop of Uranus' blood falling onto the earth. They were placed in the Underworld, and there they remain. | Erinyes - They represent regeneration and the potency of creation. Alecto ("unceasing), Megaera ("grudging"), and Tisiphone ("avenging murder"). Erinyes were wreathed with serpents and their eyes dripped with blood. |
| Personification of charm and beauty in nature | Gratiae - Latin form of Graces | Charites -Together with the Muses they serve as sources of inspiration in poetry and the arts. Aglaea ("Splendor") is the wife of Hephaestus. The other Graces are Euphrosyne ("Mirth") and Thalia ("good cheer") |
| Queen of the Gods | Juno - Daughter of Saturn and sister(and wife) of Jupiter. mother of Juventas, Mars and Vulcan. Patron goddess of Rome and the Roman empire. She was also called Regina ("Queen") | Hera - Daughter of Cronus and Rhea. Wife (and sister) of Zeus. Mainly worshiped as the goddess of marriage and birth. Mother of Hephaestus, Hebe and Ares. Often represented as constantly being jealous of Zeus's various amorous aff |
| Goddess of Justice | Justitia - portrayed as a woman holding a cornucopia and scales. Later she is portrayed with a blindfold, holding scales and a sword (or scepter). | Themis - Daughter of Uranus and Gaia. By Zeus she is the mother of the Horae and the Moirae. Themis is depicted as a stern looking woman, blindfolded and holding a pair of scales and a cornucopia. |
| Goddess of youth | Juventas - Early Roman goddess. Her temple on the Capitol was more ancient than that of Jupiter. Boys offered a coin to her when they wore a man's toga for the first time. | Hebe - Daughter of Zeus and Hera. She poured the nectar of the gods on the Olympus until Ganymede replaced her. Hebe also prepared Ares' bath, and helped Hera to her chariot. After Heracles became a god, he married her. |
| Personification of the planet Venus | Lucifer ("light bearer") - is the personification of the planet Venus as the morningstar, and son of Aurora. He is the father of Ceyx. | Phosporus |
| Goddess of the moon | Luna - Later identified with Diana and Hecate. | Selene - known for her countless love affairs. These included Zeus, Pan and the most famous of her loves, the shepard Endymion. Daughter of Hyperion and Theia. Sister of Helios and Eos. Selene is a favorite of many poets, especially love |
| God of war | Mars - Son of Jupiter and Juno. According to some he is the father of Romulus and Remus (who founded Rome) and so the Romans called themselves 'sons of Mars' The month of March is named after him. | Ares - Son of Zeus and Hera. Because of his cruel nature he was despised by all the gods. Accompanied by Phobos ("Fear") and Deimos ("Terror"), who are often given as his son's. Also attended by Eris (Horror) and Enyo (Strife). |
| Goddess of Dawn | Matuta - Later known as Mater Matuta, the patroness of newborn babies. Associated with Aurora. | Eos - Daughter of Hyperion and Theia, sister of Helios and Selene. Mother of the four winds. Her legend consists almost entirely of her intrigues. She first slept with Ares and her lovers were Orion, Cephalus and Tithonus. |
| God of travel | Mercury - is god of trade and profit, merchants and travelers, but originally of the trade in corn. Mercury is also known as Alipes ("with the winged feet") | Hermes - Herald of the Olympian gods. Son of Zeus and the nymph Maia. Hermes is the god of shepherds, land travel, merchants, weights and measures, oratory, literature, athletics and thieves, and known for his cunning and shrewdness. |
| Goddess of wisdom | Minerva - Daughter of Jupiter. The Roman goddess of wisdom, medicine, the arts, dyeing, science and trade, but also of war. As Minerva Medica she is the patroness of physicians. Minerva is believed to be the inventor of numbers and music | Athena - Favourite child of Zeus. Her mother was Metis (goddess of wisdom and Zeus first wife) Athena, the Greek goddess of wisdom, war, the arts, industry, justice and skill. Athena's companion was the goddess of victory, Nika. |
| Goddess of death | Morta - She is one of the Parcae | Atropos - one of the three Moirae who supervised fate rather than determine it. Atropos cut the thread or web of life. She was known as the "inflexible" or "inevitable" and cut this thread. She worked alongside Clotho and La |
| Goddess of Destiny | Necessitas | Ananke - Plato called Ananke the mother of the Moirae or Fates and is the personfication of (unalterable) necessity or the force of destiny. Also mother of Adrasteia (daughter of Jupiter and distributor of rewards and punishments). |
| God of the sea | Neptune Not a very powerful god, and little is known of his origin. When he was first introduced in Rome, he already had all the characteristics of the Greek Poseidon. | Poseidon Son of Cronos and Rhea, One of six siblings who eventually devided the power of the world His brothers and sisters include; Hestia, Demeter, Hera, Hades, and Zeus. |
| Goddess of pregnancy | Nona (ninth) was called upon by a pregnant mother in the ninth month when the child was due to be born. In later times she became associated with the goddesses Morta and Decima and formed the Parcae, the Roman Fates. | Clotho Youngest of the three fates. Daughter of Zeus and Themis. Clotho is the spinner of the thread of human life. The length of the string will determine how long a certain person's life will be. |
| Goddesses of fate | Parcae - The Parcae are the Roman goddess of fate, similar to the Greek Moirae (Fates). Originally there was only one of them, Parca, a goddess of birth. | Moirae (fates) - controlled the destiny of everyone from brth to death. They were: Clotho, who spun the thread of a person's life, Lachesis, who decided how much time each person had, adn Atropos who cut the thread when you were supposed to die. |
| Goddess of peace | Pax Under the rule of Augustus, she was recognized as a goddess proper. Her attributes are the olive branch, a cornucopia, and a scepter. | Irene - Irene was portrayed as a young woman with a cornucopia, scepter, and torch or rhyton. She is one of the Horae. |
| Goddess of the underworld | Proserpina - The name is possibly derived from proserpere ("to emerge"), meaning the growing of the grain. Gradually, Libera was equated with her. | Persephone Daughter of Zeus and Demeter. Wife of Hades. Spends 3 months of the year (which is the cause of winter) with her husband in the underworld and the resot of the time with her mother. |
| Goddess of the sea | salacia - The god Neptune wanted to marry her but she ran off and hid from him. eptune sent a dolphin to look for her and when the animal found her it brought her back to him. Salacia agreed to marry Neptune. Salacia bore Neptune three children. | Amphitrite - Daughter of Oceanus and Tethys or Nereus and Doris. Married Neptune in the same way as Salacia married Nepture. They had a son, Triton. |
| Goddess of health and prosperity | Salus - personified Roman goddess of health and prosperity, both of the individual and the state. Her attribute was a snake or a bowl and her festival was celebrated on March 30. | Hygieia - one of the daughters of Akclepius, and granddaughter of Apollo. is sometimes called The Health. She was worshipped and celebrated together with her father on many places (Asklepieion) of the Greek and Roman world. |
| God of agriculture. | Saturn - Father of Jupiter, Ceres, Juno and many others. Husband of Ops. Jupiter supposedly chased him away and he eventually heralded a period of peace, happiness and prosperity, the Golden Age. | Cronos - Son of Uranus and Gaia. The youngest of the twelve titans. Married to Rhea. Father of Demeter, Hestia, Hera, Hades, Poseidon and Zeus. in art, Cronus was depicted carrying a sickle used to gather the harvest. |
| God of forests | Silvanus - He shows many similarities with the Greek Pan (Silvanus also liked to scare lonely travelers). The first fruits of the fields were offered to him. As fertility god he is the protector of herds and cattle and is associated with Faunus. | Silenus - teacher and fathful copmpanion of Dionysus. Silenus is usually portrayed as a plump jovial old man with a long beard and stump nose, bald and with a horse's tail. |
| God of the sun | Sol - Completely identical to the Greek Helios. | Helios - Son of Hyperion and Theia. By the Oceanid Perse he became the father of Aetes, Circe, and Pasiphae. His other children are Phaethusa ("radiant") and Lampetia ("shining") and Phaeton. |
| God of sleep | Somnus - a translation of the Greek Hypnos. Somnus caused the death of Palunurus, the helsman of Aeneas, who fell asleep at the coast of Lucania | Hypnos - Son of Nyx and Erebus, and the twin of Thanatos (Death) Both he and his twin live in the underworld. He gave Endymion the power of sleeping with open eyes so he could see his beloved, the moon goddess Selene. |
| Goddess of passion in women | Stimula | Semele - daughter of Cadmus and Harmonia. Mother, by Zeus, of Dionysus. Hera tricked Semele and Zeus causing Semeles death. Later her son saved her from Hades and madder her the goddess Thyone. |
| Goddess of the earth | Tellus - Equated with Gaia and Ceres. Fama was thought to be her daughter. | Gaia - it is written that Gaia was born from Chaos, the great void of emptiness within the universe, and with her came Eros. She gave birth to Pontus (the Sea) and Uranus (the Sky). Married Uranus and had the Titans. |
| Diety of crossroads | Trivia - he was represented with three faces. Her name derived from the Latin trivium ("meeting of three roads"). | Hecate - Often depicted as having three heads; one of a dog, one of a snake and one of a horse. Hecate is most often mispercepted as the goddess of witchcraft or evil, but she did some very good things in her time. |
| God of healing | Veiovis - one of the oldest Roman Gods. Veiovis is portrayed as a young man, holding a bunch of arrows (or lightning bolts) in his hand, and is accompanied by a goat. He is probably based on the Etruscan god Veive. | Asclepius - A greek hero who later became a god. Son of Apollo and Coronis. Had five daughters. The Romans adopted the cult of Asclepius, but changed his name to Latin; they called him Aesculapius. |
| Goddess of love and beauty | Venus - Daughter of Jupiter. Some of her lovers include, Mars and Vulcan. She is modelled (as many are) on the Greek Aphrodite. Roman statues and portraits of Venus are usually identical to the Greek representations of Aphrodite. | Aphrodite - Born when Uranus (the father of the gods) was castrated by his son Cronus. Homer calls her the daughter of Zeus and Dione. Married to Hephaestus. Some of her sons are Eros, Anteros and Aeneas. She is accompanied by the graces. |
| Goddess of the hearth | Vesta - There is not much known of her origin, except that she was at first only worshipped in Roman homes, a personal cult. Her cult eventually evolved to a state cult. One of the most popular and mysterious goddesses of the Roman pantheon. | Hestia - Eldest sister of Zeus. Oldest daughter of Rhea and Cronos. Both Poseidon and Apollo wooed her but she remained chaste. She is the gentlest of all the Olympians. |
| Goddess of victory | Victoria - he was held in higher regard by the Romans then her counterpart Nike by the Greeks | Nike - She can run and fly at great speed. She is a constant companion of Athena. Nike is the daughter of Pallas and Styx and the sister of Cratos, Bia, and Zelus. |
| God of fire | Vulcan - His forge is located beneath Mount Etna. It is here that he, together with his helpers, forges weapons for gods and heroes. | Hephaestus - Known as the lame god, Hephaestus was born weak and crippled. Displeased by the sight of her son, Hera threw Hephaestus from Mount Olympus. Married to Aphrodite. |
| God of the east wind | Vulturnus | Eueua child of Eos and Astraeus. Eurus was the wind who brought warmth and rain from the east. |
| God of music and light | ... | Apollo Son of Zeus and Leto, and twin of Artemis. He was also a god of light, known as "Phoebus" The swan the wolf and the dolphin are sacred to him. |
bingo - lol, neither did i until i started this.......only
joking, there are thousands i believe but these are probably
all i am going to do. Although i will expand it over the
weekend when i get some time to devote to it properly!
oh waow...awesome... I never knew there are so many
wahyu - that would be really interesting. I will be the
first to admit that i do not know that much about nordic
mythology. more into Roman and Greek......if you couldn't
tell!
im always fond of mythology, especially nordic mythology,
perhaps i will cook up some comparison on nordic myth!