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Samarium(Sm) | Terbium(Tb) | Thulium(Tm) | Ytterbium(Yb) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Atomic weight | 150.4 | 158.925 | 168.934 | 173.04 |
| Atomic volume | 19.95 (cm3/mol) | 19.2 (cm3/mol) | 18.1 (cm3/mol) | 24.79 (cm3/mol) |
| discovered | 11/30/1879 | 11/30/1842 | 11/30/1878 | 11/30/1878 |
| state (s, l, g) | s | s | s | s |
| melting point | 1,345.2 (K) | 1,633.2 (K) | 1,818.2 (K) | 1,097.2 (K) |
| boiling point | 2,073 (K) | 3,073 (K) | 2,000 (K) | 1,700 (K) |
| electronegativity | 1.17 | 1.21 | 1.25 | 1.21 |
| electron affinity | 50 (kJ/mole) | 50 (kJ/mole) | 50 (kJ/mole) | 50 (kJ/mole) |
| Shells | 2,8,18,24,8,2 | 2,8,18,27,8,2 | 2,8,18,31,8,2 | 2,8,18,32,8,2 |
| electron configuration | [Xe] 4f6 6s2 | [Xe] 4f9 6s2 | [Xe] 4f13 6s2 | [Xe] 4f14 6s2 |
| structure | cp: cls pkd (ABCBCACAB) | hcp: hexagonal close pkd | hcp: hexagonal close pkd | fcc: face-centered cubic |
| uses | alloys, headphones | alloys | alloys | alloys |
| characteristics | ... | soft | soft | soft |
| reaction with air | vigorous, =>Sm2O3 | vigorous, =>Tb4O7 (approx.) | vigorous, =>Tm2O3 | vigorous, =>Yb2O3 |
| number of isotopes | 7 | 1 | 1 | 7 |
| hydride(s) | SmH2 SmH3 | TbH2 TbH3 | TmH2 TmH3 | YbH2 Yb2H5 |
| oxide(s) | Sm2O3 | TbO2 Tb4O7 | Tm2O3 | Yb2O3 |
| chloride(s) | SmCl2 SmCl3 | TbCl3 | TmCl2 TmCl3 | YbCl2 YbCl3 |
| image |  |  |  |  |
| thermal conductivity | 13.3 J/m-sec-deg | 11.1 J/m-sec-deg | 16.9 J/m-sec-deg | 34.9 J/m-sec-deg |
| electrical conductivity | 11 1/mohm-cm | 8.8 1/mohm-cm | 13.5 1/mohm-cm | 35.7 1/mohm-cm |
| polarizability | 28.8 (A^3) | 25.5 (A^3) | 21.8 (A^3) | 21 (A^3) |
| source | Monazite(phosphate),bastnaesite | Monazite(phosphate),bastnaesite | Monazite(phosphate),bastnaesite | Monazite(phosphate),bastnaesite |
| abundance earth's crust | .8 (log) | (log) | -0.3 (log) | .5 (log) |
| cost, pure | 130 $/100g | 1800 $/100g | 4100 $/100g | 530 $/100g |
| cost, bulk | $/100g | $/100g | $/100g | $/100g |
| rel. abund. solar system | - (-) | - (-) | - (-) | - (-) |
| Density @ 293 K | 7 (7) | 8 (8) | 9 (9) | 6 (6) |
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